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Yuefu Shiji:
1
Qin Melody Lyrics
2
Yuefu Shiji, Category 8 (of 12; see outline3); Guo Maoqian (12th c.), editor and compiler4 See also: Appendix: Other lyrics from Yuefu Shiji with Connections to Qin Melodies |
琴曲歌辭
樂府詩集，第八門 郭茂倩綸、選 |
The fact that there are so many YFSJ poems that have the same titles or themes and qin melodies suggests that at one time many of them many have been sung to qin accompaniment. It is possible that at one time many of these were written down. If so, though, most of the settings have not survived.8 Some examples of surviving pairings of YFSJ lyrics for qin tablature include the following:
The Music Bureau lyrics date from pre-historic times through the Tang dynasty. Many of the lyrics in the qin section, or their themes, have been applied to various melodies on this website; in addition, some lyrics not in the qin category have also been associated with or applied to qin melodies. All the lyrics in the qin section are listed in the main body below; qin melody-related lyrics from other sections are added in an Appendix organized within the framework of the 12 categories. Attributed lyricists without a biographical entry elsewhere are included on a page called Poets on this Site.
After each melody title line I may add a short comment, especially if there is an alternate title. After this the sources of commentary are indicated on lines beginning with a - dash. Links are either to the location where the sources are quoted, or to the sources themselves. After this, indented, are the reputed authors of the lyrics; links are to their biographies or, in some cases, to the actual lyrics and/or their translations.
Folio 57 (Qin melody lyrics #1; pp. 821 - 837)
Folio 58 (Qin melody lyrics #2; pp. 848 - 852)
Folio 59 (Qin melody lyrics #3; pp. 853 - 870)
It then has lyrics by
Folio 60 (Qin melody lyrics #4; pp. 871 - 883)
Appendix: Other lyrics from Yuefu Shiji with Connections to Qin Melodies
No qin connections yet noted.
Folio 21: 漢橫吹曲一 Han horizontal flute songs 1 (pp. 311 - 316)
Folio 23: 漢橫吹曲三 Han horizontal flute songs 3 (pp. 334 - 339)
洛陽道 Luoyang Dao, Luoyang Road (p. 337-343)
That structure is different from that of any of the Luoyang Dao, and in any case from the Song dynasty Luoyang Chun was much more popular in Korea than in China. Related music preserved there has been used to try to re-create a Chinese Luoyang Chun, sometimes with qin. The results are said to sound similar to those from re-creations of songs by Jiang Kui (who played flute).
Folio 26: 相和歌辭四 Matching Songs 1 (pp. 376 - 390)
Folio 28: 相和歌辭四 Matching Songs 3 (pp. 406 - 423)
Folio 29: 相和歌辭四 Matching Songs 4 (pp. 424 - 439)
王明君 Wang Mingjun, "also called Wang Zhaojun" (see Zhaojun Yuan); pp. 424 - 434
楚妃歎 Chu Fei Tan, Lament of the Chu Concubines (pp. 435 - 437)
王子喬 Wangzi Qiao, Wangzi Qiao (or Wang Ziqiao; pp. 437 - 9)
Folio 33: 相和歌辭八 Matching Songs 8 (pp. 484 - 500)
Folios 36 - 38: 相和歌辭十一至十三 Matching Songs 11-13 (pp. 526 - 568)
Folio 37: 相和歌辭十四 Matching Songs 14 (pp. 542 - 554)
The section 步出夏門行 Bu Chu Xia Men Xing (Walking Out through Summer Gate Ballad) begins with 古辭 Old Lyrics (p. 545)
Folio 39: 相和歌辭十四 Matching Songs 12 (pp. 569 - 584)
張永錄云：「未歌之前，有一部絃，又在弄後。又有但曲七曲：《廣陵散》、《黃老彈飛引》、《大胡笳鳴》、《小胡笳鳴》、《鶤雞遊弦》、《流楚》、《窈窕》，並琴、箏、笙、築之曲，王錄所無也。其《廣陵散》一曲，今不傳。」
There are then numerous lyrics under the titles listed by Wang Sengqian, but none for those listed by Zhang Yong. Those in Folio 41 include:
Folio 42: 相和歌辭十七 Matching Songs 17 (pp. 614 - 625)
長門怨 Changmen Yuan: Lament at Changmen Palace (pp. 620 - 625)
Folio 43: 相和歌辭十八 Matching Songs 18 (pp. 626 - 637)
Folio 44: 清商歌辭一 Qingshang Quci 1: (pp. 638 - 651)
子夜歌 Zi-Ye Lyrics: Poems associated with Zi-Ye (Lady Midnight); begins with a general introduction to the Zi-Ye poems, quoting
Folio 45: 清商歌辭二 Qingshang Quci 2: (pp. 652 - 666)
Folio 46: 清商歌辭三 Qingshang Quci 3: (pp. 667 - 677)
After this are 懊惱曲 Aonong Qu, 25 華山畿 Huashan Ji and then
讀曲歌八十九首 89 Du Qu Ge (Reading Songs?), one of which mentions Guangling San, as follows:
The last phrase says, "Only Guangling San is missing".
Folio 47/1: 清商曲，辭四(A) Qingshang Quci, 4(A): (pp. 678 - 688)
Folio 47/2: 清商曲辭，四(B) Qingshang Quci,
4(B): (pp. 688 - 694)
西曲歌 Xiqu Ge (Songs for Western Melodies)
(pp. 688-725; here: 上 A, pp. 688-694)
烏夜啼 Wu Ye Ti (Raven's Evening Call: 21 entries; pp. 690 - 694)
Folio 50: 江南弄上 Jiangnan Nong (Melodies from South of the Yangzi) A (pp. 726 - 738)
Folio 51: 江南弄 Jiangnan Melodies (B; pp. 739 - 751)
陽春曲 Yang Chun Qu (pp. 743-4)
Folio 54: Song lyrics for Dance Pieces 3 (pp. 782 - 792)
梁鞞舞歌 Liang Bi Wu Qu (Liang Scabbard Dance Songs)
梁鞞舞歌 Liang Bi Wu Qu (Liang Scabbard Dance Songs)
鐸舞歌 Dance Songs with Duo (clapper bells)
B. 聖人制禮樂篇 Sage-made Ritual Music Songs); 6 sections (pp. 785-788)
C. 晉拂舞歌 Jin Fuwu Ge (Jin era Whisk Dance Songs); 5 5ections (pp. 788 - 792)
There are then the lyrics, in four 章 zhang, attributed to Emperor Wu of Wei
(Cao Cao).
Folio 56: Dance songs 5 (pp. 806 - 820)
Folio 64: 雜曲歌辭 Miscellaneous songs #4 (pp. 923 - 935)
Folio 77: 雜曲歌辭 Miscellaneous songs #17 (pp. 1081 - 1093)
春江曲 Chun Jiang Qu (name of a qin melody)
Folio 80: 近代曲辭二 Songs of recent times #2 (pp. 1123 - 1139)
雨霖鈴 Yu Lin Ling
渭城曲 Weicheng Qu
(Song of Weicheng, p.1139)
Folio 81: 近代曲辭三 Songs of recent times #3 (pp. 1140 - 1149)
In YFSJ all these 7x4 poems are then followed by 楊柳枝 Yang Liu Zhi lyrics by various poets. These also seem to be 7x4.
Folio 82: 近代曲辭四 Songs of recent times #4 (pp. 1150 - 1163)
十二月樂辭十三首 13 Songs of the 12 Months, by
Li He.
Folio 83: 雜歌謠辭一 Miscellaneous ballad lyrics #1 (pp. 1164 - 1176)
Folio 84: 雜歌謠辭二 Miscellaneous ballad lyrics #2 (pp. 1177 - 1190)
Folio 98: 新樂府辭九 New Yuefu poems #9 (pp. 1368 - 1376)
Folio 100: 新樂府辭十一 New Yuefu poems #11 (pp. 1391 - 1405)
1.
Poetry Collection of the Music Bureau (樂府詩集 Yuefu Shiji)
2.
Lyrics for qin songs (Qinqu Geci 琴曲歌辭)
3.
The 12 門 categories of Yuefu Shiji
4.
郭茂倩 Guo Maoqian (11th/12th c.)
6.
Music Bureau (樂府 Yue Fu)
(Wikipedia: Music Bureau; Yue Fu)
To this Allen adds that they also composed music by imperial command. He adds that one of the reasons for its existence was to help overcome the fact that, since most music was not written down, much was lost to time. Its demise in 7 BCE was apparently the result of a conservative emperor concluding that, "The music of the state of Zheng was licentious and destroyed the proper music, thus the sage kings shunned it. I shall therefore abolish the Music Bureau." (Allen, p. 39).
After 7 BCE most of the Music Bureau functions were taken over by other departments, and in fact most of the approximately 5500 Music Bureau lyrics included by Guo Maoqian in his Yuefu Shiji date from after 7 BCE, right up to the 12th century (no references seem to be more specific about the date of publication). As described by Allen, many of these lyrics were included by Guo following his own broad understanding of the genre, and it is not clear to me what previous government collections may have been published as Music Bureau Poems ("樂府詩 yuefu shi"), or how many or which of the Yuefu Shiji lyrics actually came from such government publications.
In addition, commentary seems to suggest that at some times efforts were made to write down the actual music. Unfortunately, none of this has survived, and it is not yet clear to me what writings may have survived describing such attempts at writing down the music. (See also Dasheng Fu).
Other publications referring to the Music Bureau include:
The China Knowledge website also has some more general information.
7.
Studies of the Music Bureau
More poems can also be found translated in Dr. Birrell's Chinese Love Poetry, New Songs from A Jade Terrace: A Medieval Anthology.
8.
Qin melodies set to Yuefu Shiji poems.
It should also be remembered that, though there are numerous surviving lists of ancient qin melody titles
(examples), until the Ming dynasty the music was all written by hand, not printed, and it is thus difficult to substantiate any claims made for the antiquity of the contents of materials surviving only in printed sources.
Return to top, to
Qin Poetry and Song
or to the si ToC.
Contents of Category 8 (Folios 57 - 60): Qin Melody Lyrics
(Preface , pp. 821 - 822)
- Guo Maoqian himself
- Tang Shu, Yuezhi
- Shi Ben
- Yang Xiong, Qin Qing Ying
- Qin Cao
- Gujin Yuelu
- Ying Shao, Fengsu Tong
- San Li Tu
- Huan Tan, Xin Lun
- Cui Bao, Gujin Zhu
- Liang Yuandi, Zuan Yao
- Qin Lun
- Yuefu Jieti
Some prefaces to the surviving qin melody quote the comments here
- Qin Lun
- Qin Ji
- Tang Shu,
- Zhang Hua, Bowu Zhi
- Guo Maoqian
Zhu Xiaolian
Commentary included with previous entry
A celestial tells Yao about the coming flood, so he writes this
- Gujin Yuelu
- Xie Zhuang, Qin Lun
Yu Shun, seeing a bird flying, thinks of his parents
- Gujin Yuelu
- Xie Zhuang, Qin Lun
Shun plays Song of the South Wind and the world is well-regulated.
- Gujin Yuelu
- Shi Ji, Annal of Music
Two daughters of Yao mourn the death of their husband, Shun; first of four titles
(None of the lyrics is used with the qin melodies
Xiangfei Yuan or
Cangwu Yuan).
- Shan Hai Jing (p.???)
- Guo Pu
- Liu Xiang, Lienü Zhuan
- Xiangzhong Ji Account from the Xiang River (18223.10xxx)
- Han Yu, Huangling Miao Pai (extended commentary, but no mention of qin).
- Guo Maoqian
Li He (791 - 817)
Commentary included with previous entry
Chen Yu (fl. ca.800).
Commentary included with previous entry
Commentary included with previous entry
Wang Sengru (465 - 522)
Zou Shaoxian
Li Qi
Lang Shiyuan (8th c.)
"also called 禹上會稽 (the Great) Yu goes up to Kuaiji"; there is a surviving
qin melody
- "Shu"
- Gujin Yuelu
- Xie Zhuang, Qin Lun
- Qin Ji
see Fenglei Yin
- Qin Lun
- Yuefu Jieti
- Guo Maoqian
Xin Deyuan
Shen Quanqi
also called 箕子吟 Intonation of
Jizi (Viscount of Ji)
- Shi Ji
- Gujin Yuelu
- Qin Ji
also called 文王哀羑里 Wen Wang Ai Youli:
Wen Wang Mourns in Youli
Wen Wang is imprisoned by Zhou Xin
- Qin Cao
Han Yu
attributed to Wen Wang
- Qin Cao
- Qin Lun
Also called 武王伐紂 Wu Wang Fa Zhou: Wu Wang Attacks Zhou
attributed to Wu Wang
- Gujin Yuelu
- Qin Lun
- Qin Ji
Attributed to Weizi, who went into exile in disgust with his relative Zhou Xin
- Qin Ji
- Shang Shu Da Zhuan
attributed to Zhou Gong
- Qin Cao
- Gujin Yuelu
Han Yu
- Qin Cao
Also called Fenghuang Lai Yi (and associated with Cheng Wang)
- Gujin Yuelu
- Xie Xiyi, Qin Lun
- Qin Ji
Attributed to 伯夷 Bo Yi
- Qin Ji
- Shi Ji
- Yuefu Jieti
Attributed to Yin Boqi
- Qin Cao
Han Yu
Attributed to Jiezi Tui
- Qin Ji
- Qin Cao
- Shi Ji
Attributed to Du Muzi
- Yang Xiong, Qin Qing Ying
- Cui Bao, Gu Jin Zhu
- Boya lyrics
- Yuefu Jieti
Bao Zhao
Emperor Jianwen of Liang
Wu Jun
Li Bai
Han Yu
Zhang Hu
- Qin Cao
- Preface by Shi Chong
- Guo Maoqian (?)
- Yuefu Jieti
- Qin Lun by Xie Xiyi
- Guo Maoqian again (?)
Liu Xiaowei of Liang (496 - 549)
Zhang Hu
Also called 幽蘭操 You Lan Cao
- Gujin yuelu
- Qin Cao
- Qin Ji
Xin Deyuan
Han Yu
Commentary included with previous entry.
Cui Tu
Includes Han Yu poem
Includes Han Yu poem
Includes Han Yu poem
(43067.xxx; note that Qin Cao,
Hejian Zage, #24 is
Shuang Yan Li;
Hejian Zage, #16,
Zhuang Zhou Du Chu Yin, seems unrelated to the Du Chu Yin here)
- Qin Ji says, 獨處吟 Du Chu Yin, 流凘咽 Liu Si Yan (17762.248xxx 流澌), Shuang Yan Li and Chu Nü Yin (see next)
are four melodies, but their lyrics are all lost.
- Qin Li says, This is the fourth melody of the 21 Hejian New Songs 河澗新歌
Shen Junyou 沈君攸
Li Bai
The Qin Shi biography of the Woman of Lu quotes this melody, but calls it 正女引 Zheng Nü Yin
- Qin Cao says, Chunü Yin was created by the Chaste Woman of Lu.
- Gujin Yuelu says, The Chaste Woman of Lu saw 女貞木 and created a song; it is also called 女貞木歌 .
See previous
- Qin Cao says, 魯次室女
The Handmaiden of Lu created Zhen Nü Yin
Shen Yue: 貞心信無矯，傍鄰也見疑....
See also Chu Fei Tan
- Qin Ji:
Fan Ji of Chu wrote
Lienü Yin
Also called 別鵠操 Bie Gu Cao Parting Snowgoose Melody
Lyrics by three poets, but only those by Han Yu are set
Commentary included with previous entry. Lyrics by six poets, but none is set to the qin melody.
Also called Celestial Horse Prelude (天馬引 Tianma Yin)
Commentary included with previous entry
Also called Prelude of Chu (楚引 Chu Yin)
Commentary as with previous entry?
15473.xxx (.58 = Chu MingGuang; see also Chu MingJun);
Mingfei usually refers to Wang Zhaojun, but this is not mentioned here
Also called Song of Jing Ke (荊軻歌 Jing Ke Ge)
Commentary with previous entry
Lyrics are sung as a Prelude for the 1511 Chu Ge; attributed to 項羽 Xiang Yu; four lines
Commentary is with previous entry
- Han Shu (basically same story as in Shi Ji, Annal 8; see RGH I, p.81; plays 筑 zhu, not qin)
- 禮樂志 Li Yue Zhi says,....
- According to Qin Cao there is a Great Wind Arises by the first emperor of Han
- Qin Ji says, Cai Zhi Cao was created by the Four Hoaryheads
- Gujin Yuelu says,
- Guo Maoqian himself says?...
- Cui Hong (崔鴻) says,...
- Guo Maoqian himself says?...
Commentary is with previous entry
- Wang Mingjun has a related story,
the dance song Mingjun Ci does not
- Has an introduction, then all the
lyrics (and only the lyrics) set in the 1511 version of Lament of Zhaojun
- The final lyrics, by 楊凌 Yang Ling, are called 明妃怨 Mingfei Yuan
- Qin Li
- Qin Ji
- Qin Shu
- Qin Yi
- Guo Maoqian
(There was also a poem of this title by Wang Anshi)
《後漢書》曰：「蔡琰，字文姬，邕之女也。博學有才辯，又妙於音律，適河東衛仲道。夫亡無子，歸寧於家。興平中，天下喪亂，文姬沒於南匈奴。在胡中十二年，生二子。曹操痛邕無嗣，乃遣使者以金璧贖之，而重嫁陳留董祀。後感傷亂離，追懷悲憤，作詩二章。」
《蔡琰別傳》曰：「漢末大亂，琰為胡騎所獲，在右賢王部伍中。春月登胡殿，感笳之音，作詩言志，曰：『胡笳動兮邊馬鳴，孤雁歸兮聲嚶嚶。』」
唐劉商《胡笳曲序》曰：「蔡文姬善琴，能為《離鸞別鶴之操》。胡虜犯中原，為胡人所掠，入番為王後，王甚重之。武帝與邕有舊，敕大將軍贖以歸漢。胡人思慕文姬，乃卷蘆葉為吹笳，奏哀怨之音。後董生以琴寫胡笳聲為十八拍，今之《胡笳弄》是也。」
Cai Wenji excelled at qin, able to play the pieces
Li Luan and
Bie He....After Wenji left, when the nomads thought of her they rolled up reeds and blew into the pipes, playing mournful sounds. Later Mr. Dong used the qin to create a hujia sounds in 18 sections. This is today's Hujia Nong.
《琴集》曰：「大胡笳十八拍，小胡笳十九拍，並蔡琰作。」
Qin Ji says, "Long Hujia in 18 Sections and
Short Hujia Shijiupai in 19 Sections were both created by Cai Yan."
按蔡翼《琴曲》有大、小胡笳十八拍。沈遼集世名流家聲小胡笳，又有「契聲」一拍，共十九拍，謂之祝家聲。祝氏，不詳何代人。
According to the qin melody (Xiao Hujia?) by Cai Yi there was a Big and a Small Hujia in 18 Sections. Shen Liao's Collection [Bio/xxx; the meaning of the text here is unclear] at the time names a Shen ["Liu" in YFSJ seems to be a mistake, corrected in Cai Yi] Family Sounds is Small Hujia, and there is also an added sound for one section, altogether making 19 sections, calling it Zhu Family Sounds. It is not clear to what period Mr. Zhu belonged [QSCM has "何人所載"].
李良輔《廣陵止息譜序》曰：「契者，明會合之至理，殷勤之餘也。」
The "Preface to Guangling Zhixi Tablature" by Li Liangfu says, "Regarding qizhe (added things?), clear (??? I don't understand this passage)
李肇《國史補》曰：「唐有董庭蘭，善沈聲、祝聲，蓋大小胡笳云。」
Says, During the Tang dynasty Dong Tinglan was good at both the Shen and the Zhu sounds; these were the Long and Short Hujia (respectively?).
Commentary included with the previous entry.
No preface; see Fei Long Pian below and melody list; lyrics by:
- 蕭愨 Xiao Que of Sui (Qinshu Daquan, Folio 12 also has the lyrics)
- Li Bai (also in
ibid.)
Attributed to 何晏之女 He Yan's daughter; lyrics by Zhang Ji.
Compare Folio 47 (p. 690), which has the SQMP Wu Ye Ti story
Also called 神女宛轉歌 Shennü Yuanzhuan Ge; no tablature in surviving handbooks
Wang Jingbo meets a female deity
Commentary included with the previous entry.
Attribution from Qin Ji to
Ruan Xian. Poem by
Li Jilan
There is no tablature in surviving handbooks, but see
Shishang Liu Quan, especially the footnote
In autumn; attribution from Qin Ji to Xi Kang; lyrics by the Monk Jiaoran
Lyrics by
Wu Maiyuan, 唐惠休
Tang Huixiu and 江洪 Jiang Hong
No added commentary; lyrics
by Liu Yuxi
No added commentary; lyrics by Lu Zhaolin
No added commentary; lyrics by 閻朝隱 Yan Zhaoyin (Chaoyin?)
No added commentary; lyrics by Wu Jun
No added commentary; lyrics by
Song Zhiwen
No added commentary; lyrics by Li Bai
No added commentary; lyrics by Li Bai
Lyrics by Gu Kuang
Lyrics by Liu Yuxi
They begin, 鳶飛杳杳青雲裡....([7+7] x 12)
Lyrics by 李群玉 Li Qunyu
Lyrics by Xin Deyuan
Attributed to the wife of Baili Xi: the
original lyrics are included under Yan Yi Ge.
Also called Feng Qiu Huang;
"鳳兮鳳兮歸故鄉...."; connected not with #20, but with #22, Sima Xiangru Qin Ge
Commentary included with the previous entry; lyrics (鳳兮鳳兮非無凰....) attributed to
Zhang Hu
Lyrics attributed to 霍去病將軍 General
Huo Qubing
Commentary included with the previous entry; lyrics attrib. 崔顥 Cui Hao
Lyrics attrib. Ruan Yu and the emperor
Lyrics attrib. Zhao Zheng
Lyrics attrib. Zhao Zheng
No added commentary; lyrics by Gu Kuang
-------------------------------------
musical settings of the poems, long since lost. Page numbers follow the Zhonghua Shuju edition.
Yuefu Shiji has no added commentary at the end, but the modern edition includes two indices, one by author, the other by poem title (no index by category title).
Folios 1 - 12 (pp. 1 - 180)
Folios 12 - 15 (pp. 181 - 222)
Folios 16 - 20 (pp. 223 - 308)
Folios 21 - 25 (pp. 309 - 375); in particular:
42837.33/3 says name of a qin melody (in Qinqu Pulu
Less Ancient #29 as well as
another list); also Han hengchui melody name. There is no surviving historical qin tablature for a melody of this name. However, the third poem in this section is set to qin and other instruments in Track 10 of the first CD accompanying a book of qin songs by Wang Di; the notes do not identify the poet, 王維 Wang Wei:
隴頭明月迥臨關，隴上行人夜吹笛。
關西老將不勝愁，駐馬聽之雙淚流。
身經大小百余戰，麾下偏裨萬戶侯。
蘇武才為典屬國，節旄落盡海西頭。
The 14th of the 23 poems of this title has the Li Bai lyrics ("明月出天山....") that have been applied retroactively to the qin melody
Guanshan Yue.
Name of an old qin melody. Here there are about 17 sets of lyrics. However, there is no mention here (or anywhere in YFSJ) of 洛陽春 Luoyang Chun, a ci pattern connected to the following poem by 歐陽修 Ouyang Xiu:
繡簾閑倚吹輕絮。斂眉山無緒。看花拭淚向歸鴻，問來處、逢郎否。 (7 5 7 3+3)
Folios 26 - 43 (pp. 376 - 637); in particular:
Part of a series including gong, shang, jiao, zhi, and yu
Also called 豔歌羅敷行 Luofu's Love Song, it is the song of a loyal wife sending away a suitor (same theme to p. 423)
For commentary see a footnote to the qin melody Moshang Sang
Commentary from 6 sources; the surviving qin melody
Ming Jun has a different theme (see below?)
- Tang History, Music Annals
- Xijing Zaji
- Gujin Yuelu
- Wang Sengqian, (Gujin) Ji Lu
- Xie Xiyi (Xie Zhuang)，
Qin Lun
(see in QSCB, p.64)
- Qin Ji
(see in QSCB, p.65)
See also Lienü Cao: concerns not
Xiang Fei but Fan Ji
- Commentary quotes
Lienü Zhuan and others
See the qin melody Yao Tian Sheng He
- Commentary quotes only
Liexian Zhuan
Begins with
平調曲四 Ping Diao Qu (Ping Mode Melodies), Section 4; followed by:
- Gujin Yuelu: lengthy quote (18003.638 清調 consists of the same) includes a comment listing qin among the 8 instruments that play them.
pp. 526 - 534 are 清調曲四 Qing Diao Qu (qing mode melodies), Section 4
pp. 534 - 568 are 瑟調曲 Se Diao Qu (se mode melodies), Sections 1-3
瑟調曲四 Se Diao Qu (se mode melodies), Section 2
隴西行 Longxi Xing: Longxi Ballads
The second item is attributed to Emperor Wu of Wei (Cao Cao). It begins, "雲行雨步 Clouds roll and rain proceeds...". This has been used as a preface to Cao Cao's Jieshi Pian
瑟調曲四 Se Diao Qu (se mode melodies), Section 4
Introduction to Love Song Ballad How Can It Be （豔歌何嘗行 Yan'ge Hechang Xing, p. 576)
- First lyrics begin: 飛來雙白鵠 (title of next)，乃從西北來.... No attribution
- Second begin: 何嘗快，獨無憂，但當飲醇酒，炙肥牛.... Attrib. 魏文帝 Emperor Wen of Wei
A Pair of White Swans Fly About (飛來雙白鵠 Feilai Shuang Baihu, four sets, pp. 577 - 578)
- Lyrics of first begin: 何憐雙白鵠，雙雙絕塵氛....
楚調曲上 Chu Mode melodies 1 (of 3)
This section begins with two quotes, both of which mention qin, as follows:
Gujin Yuelu says, "Wang Sengqian's Ji Lu (states): Chu mode melodies include Baitou Yin Xing, Taishan Yin Xing, Liangfu Yin Xing, Dongwu Pipa Yin Xing, and Yuan Shi Xing. The instruments have seven types: sheng, dinong, jie, qin, zheng, pipa and se."
Record of Zhang Yong (17461.xxx; Bio/xxx) says, "Before a song there are strings, also after each melody. There are also seven dan qu (515.14 但歌?): Guangling San, Huang Lao Dan Fei Yin, Da Hujia Ming, Xiao Hujia Ming, Kun Ji You Xian, Liu Chu and Yao Tiao, also melodies for qin, zheng, sheng and kong. These are not in the record of Wang (Sengqian). Of these, the piece Guangling San has not been transmitted.
There are altogether eight poems of this name
There are altogether seven poems of this name (泰山梁甫吟 Taishan Liangfu Yin)
楚調曲中 (Chu mode melodies, Section 2 of 3)
Has 14 怨詩 Lamentation Poems; 10 怨歌 Lamentation Songs; two poems called 明月照高樓 Moon Shining on a Tall Pavilion; 26 called 長門怨 Lament at Changmen Palace; finally one called 阿嬌怨 Lament of Ajiao. Two have known qin connections:
No commentary, but see more Ban Jieyu lyrics in Folio 43
Commentary from three sources:
- Han Wu Di Gushi
- Han Shu
- Yuefu Jieti
楚調曲下 (Chu mode melodies, Section 3 of 3)
Begins with commentary on
Ban Jieyu, then:
9 poems called 婕妤怨 Lament of Jieyu
3 poems called 長信怨 Lament of the Long Letter
1 poem called 峨眉怨 Lament of Moth Eyebrows (see in ancient
qin melody list)
by 謝眺 Xie Tiao (464 - 499)
Folios 44 - 51 (pp. 638 - 751), including
Wu Sheng Gequ,
Xiqu Ge and
Jiangnan Nong. In particular:
Begins with lengthy discussion of Qingshang Chuci, then:
吳聲歌曲一 Wu Sheng Gequ (Songs of Wu) 1 (p. 639)
- 唐書，樂志 Tang History, Music Annals
- 宋書，樂志 Song History, Music Annals
- 古今樂錄 Gujin Yuelu
- 樂府解題 Yuefu Jieti
子夜四時歌七十五首
子夜四時歌七首
子夜四時歌八首
吳聲歌曲二 Wu Sheng Gequ (Songs of Wu) 2
Continues Ziye lyrics
(see previous), including:
All of Folio 44, then this folio to p.655, consists of
吳聲歌曲三 Wu Sheng Gequ (Songs of Wu) 3
Begins with:
- 古今樂錄 Gujin Yuelu (says this was later called or included 相思曲 Xiang Si Qu, but they are structurally unrelated to the ones in the qin repertoire [from 1573, etc.)
- 宋書，五行志 Song Shu, Wuxing Zhi
e.g., #6: 我與歡相憐，約誓底言者。常歡負情人，郎今果成詐。 Compare
常歎負情儂，郎今果行許。
懊惱曲 Aonong Qu: One poem by 唐溫庭筠 (Tang) Wen Tingyun (p. 668)
藕絲作線難勝針.... (see complete poem)
吳聲歌曲四 Wu Sheng Gequ (Songs of Wu) 4
This entry consists of 春江花月夜 Chunjiang Huayue Ye and 11 other titles
古今樂錄 Gujin Yuelu commentary p. 688 identifies 烏夜啼 Wu Ye Ti as a 舞曲 dance tune. See QSCB p. 45.
Earliest known source of the SQMP
Wu Ye Ti story (compare Folio 60, #1)
- Jiaofang Ji
- Gujin Yuelu
- Yuefu Jieti
Third of four Jiangnan melodies by Shen Yue (others: 趙瑟曲 Zhao Se Qu, 秦箏曲 Qin Zheng Qu and 胡雲曲 Hu Yun Qu)
- Liu Xiang, Xin Xu
- Yuefu Jieti
心自知，人不見。動羅裙，拂珠殿。
Commentary included with Yang Chun Qu in Folio 50 above
(see the lyrics)
吳均 Wu Jun (Liang)
檀約 Tan Yue (Qi)
顧野王 Gu Yewang (Chen)
柳顧言 Liu Guyan (i.e., 柳巧言 Liu Bian), Sui (p.743)
李白 Li Bai (Tang)
Commentary included with Yang Chun Qu in Folio 50 above
(see lyrics)
溫庭筠 Wen Tingyun
莊南傑 Zhuang Nanjie (p.744)
僧貫休 Monk Guanxiu
Folios 52 - 56 (pp. 752 - 820)
雜舞二 Miscellaneous dances 2, (in three parts:)
- The Ming Jun category above seems to refer to Wang Zhaojun. Here, perhaps meaning Illustrious Gentlemen, it seems to be more general, covering a wide variety of themes. Does it connect to the 1525 Ming Jun?
Seven by Shen Yue
Three by 周捨 Zhou She
...
《晉書·樂志》曰：「《拂舞》出自江左，舊云吳舞也。晉曲五篇：一曰《白鳩》，二曰《濟濟》，三曰《獨祿》，四曰《碣石》，五曰《淮南王》。齊多刪舊辭，而因其曲名。」
《古今樂錄》曰：「梁《拂舞歌》並用晉辭。」
《樂府解題》曰：「讀其辭，除《白鳩》一曲，餘並非吳歌，未知所起也。」
This preface begins by quoting the Music Annals of the Jin History as having said, "'Whisk Dances' originated north of the Yangzi and were formerly called Dances of Wu. The five Jin pieces are," (it then names them; these are the titles of the 5 parts of this section), then finishes by saying the name comes from Qi liking to cut out old lyrics (names come from abridging titles? 12198.53 拂舞 has something about 周禮帗舞之遺意 a ritual dance with streamers?).
The Jieshi section (see You Lan in QSCB,
Folio 4) is introduced with quotes from 南齊書 Nan Qi Shu and 樂府解題
Yuefu Jieti, followed by an opinion that the subject matter is similar to that in YFSJ Folio 37,
步出夏門行 Bu Chu Xia Men Xing (p.545).
1. 觀滄海
2. 冬十月
3. 土不同
4. 龜雖壽
These have all been been translated (details under You Lan).
雜舞四 Miscellaneous dances 4, 四時白紵歌 Si Shi Bai Zhu Ge includes under 齊明王歌辭七首, the last of which is a 散曲 San Qu that mentions
Guangling San (p.814), as follows:
層閨橫綠綺，曠席緬朱纏。
楚調《廣陵散》，瑟柱秋風弦。
輕裙中山麗，長袖邯鄲妍。
徐歌駐行景，迅節籥浮煙。
言願聖明主，永永萬斯年。
Folios 57 - 60 (pp. 821 - 883)
Folios 61 - 78 (pp. 884 - 1106); in particular:
- compare Fei Long Yin
自君之出矣 Zi jun zhi Chu Yi (pp. 987 - 990)
長相思 Chang Xiang Si (pp. 990 - 995)
- 22 entries, but none has the ci used in the
qin melody of this name
- Guo Yuanzhen (Guo Zhen says, Chun Jiang is the song of 巴女 a woman of Ba).
Commentary included with previous entry
Zhang Ji
Zhang Zhongsu
Folios 79 - 82 (pp. 1107 - 1163); in particular:
- 《樂府雜錄》曰：「離別難，武后朝有一士人陷冤獄....」
- 《明皇別錄》曰：「帝辛蜀，南入斜谷....」
- "Weicheng, also called 陽關 Yang Guan, is by
Wang Wei. It was originally, 'Seeing a friend off to Anxi', later arranged into a song...."
(Full text and translation under the 1511 version).
- Begins with a preface then a poem by Gu Kuang
楊柳青青江水平，聞郎江上唱歌聲。東邊日出西邊雨，道是無晴還有晴。
Same: 5 entries
Same: 2 entries
紇那曲 2 entries
瀟湘神 2 pieces (etc., through p. 1160, then Folio 82 ends with:
Normally a year has 12 months; if there is an extra month (閏月 intercalary month) it originally came at the end of the year but later could be added after any of the 12. For the 9th month see
Huangzhong Diao (1511).
Folios 83 - 89 (pp. 1164 - 1261); in particular:
- 帝王世紀 says, In the time of Emperor Yao there was peace in the world, no one (was troubled by) affairs, so 八九十 (80 to 90?) old men struck the ground (rang 5726/1 earth; /5 wooden stick to hit ground?) and sang
Sun comes out and we work, sun sets and we rest.
Drill wells and we drink, plough fields and we eat.
Such an influence the emperor has on us!
- only one poem with this title, set to qin in
Japan
Folios 90 - 100 (pp. 1262 - 1405); in particular
15 New Yuefu poems by 白居易 Bai Juyi (Folio 97 had 10, Folio 99 consists of 25)
- Concerns the qin player Zhao Bi
Begins with 32 樂府倚曲 Yuefu to Accompany Songs by 溫庭筠 Wen Tingyun, followed by six 樂府雜詠 Miscellaneous Yuefu Ballads by
陸龜蒙 Lu Guimeng, then (to end the whole collection) 10 正樂府 Correctly Regulated Yuefu by
皮日休 Pi Rixiu. The sixth entry by Wen Tingyun is:
- Mention of 絲七 silk seven may allude to qin and the story of Boya as in Shuixian Cao.
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Footnotes (Shorthand references are explained on a
separate page)
The edition I use is a 1996 reprint from
1979.
For the Music Bureau itself see below.
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After defining this as "謂合琴曲之歌辭也 lyrics to accompany qin songs", 21570.22 琴曲歌辭 quotes the second half of Qin Lun (see YFSJ preface).
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Translation of titles is from ICTCL, p.964, which adds, "This classification is based on the musical setting of the poems which has long since been lost." Page numbers follow the Zhonghua Shuju edition. Category 8,
Qin Melody Lyrics, is outlined above. The
Appendix: Other lyrics from Yuefu Shiji with Connections to Qin Melodies gives links to related qin melodies from the other categories listed here.
Folios 1 - 12 (pp. 1 - 180)
Folios 12 - 15 (pp. 181 - 222)
Folios 16 - 20 (pp. 223 - 308)
Folios 21 - 25 (pp. 309 - 375)
Folios 26 - 43 (pp. 376 - 637)
Folios 44 - 51 (638 - 751)
Folios 52 - 56 (pp. 752 - 820)
Folios 57 - 60
("lute" follows Van Gulik: more correct is "zither"; pp. 821 - 883)
Folios 61 - 78 (pp. 884 - 1106)
Folios 79 - 82 (pp. 1107 - 1163)
Folios 83 - 89 (pp. 1164 - 1261)
Folios 90 - 100 (pp. 1262 - 1405)
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Guo Maoqian (Bio/2021), style name 德粲 Decan, was from 須城 Xucheng (in modern 東平 Dongping county of Shandong province). In 1084 he was Administrator in the Law Section for 河南 Henan (province). ICTCL, p. 965, says, "Not much is known about (him). His grandfather Guo Bao 郭褒 was a well-known official from Xucheng.... Guo Maoqian was also credited with another anthology, entitled Zati Shi 雜體詩， which complemented the Yuefu Shiji. Unfortunately it has long since been lost."
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Hucker, #8262, says that from 121 to 7 BCE this was,
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The most complete works in English seem to be:
Translates 77 lyrics and has useful information on Yuefu Shiji
Translates 125 poems; its discussion is more a point of view on the Yuefu poems rather than an introduction to people who want to know what it is
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There is much to suggest that performances of poetic lyrics with qin accompaniment were often done only orally; that is, the settings were not written down and thus have not survived. Some reasons for this could include them having been impromptu events, the music often changing each time a poem was sung, and/or the poems having been recited to qin accompaniment rather than sung.
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