(A). 7. Skilled qin makers²

Ming emperors and princes often had qins made in large quantities, thus many skilled qin makers emerged. During the years of Jiajing, there was Feng Zhaoyang,³ who made qins for the prince of Heng⁴ and Tu Gui,⁵ who made qins for the prince of Yi.⁶ During the years of Chongzhen, there was Qin Zhang,⁷ responsible for overseeing the making of qins within the Office of the Imperial Household. Along with other craftsmen, they made qins by the hundreds and thousands. The prince of Lu⁸ had hundreds of Zhonghe qins made, many of which are still often seen today. At that time, there were also many qin-making experts among the people.

Zhang Jingxiu.⁹

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Footnotes (Shorthand references are explained on a separate page)

1. Basic translation by Jin Qiuyu (in process).
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2. Xu Jian, QSCB, pp. 131 - 132
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3. Feng Zhaoyang 馮朝陽
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4. Prince of Heng 衡王
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5. Tu Gui 涂桂
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6. Prince of Yi 益王
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7. Qin Zhang 琴張
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8. Prince of Lu 潞王
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9. Zhang Jingxiu 張敬修
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10.
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